Omega-3 EPA 護心血管、降醇
心臟問題是本港頭號殺手之一,每年病發猝死的個案不斷上升。不少都市人的血管年齡大過真實年齡,原因是不良飲食習慣、營養不均衡、缺乏運動,容易令血液及血管壁積聚壞物質,血管提早老化,變得僵硬、缺乏彈性,影響血液正常輸送,威脅心臟健康。
不良飲食 吃出毛病
味道重、分量多、太油膩,其實代表著高鹽、高糖、高熱量、高脂肪,容易導致血壓升高、糖尿病、高膽固醇和肥胖,直接影響心臟健康。除了控制少吃油膩、致肥和不健康的食物外,可多攝取高纖食品,促進胃腸蠕動,加速消化和排洩;還有多補充EPA魚油,可降低膽固醇,促進心臟健康。
降醇之關鍵營養
奧米加三多元不飽和脂肪酸Eicosapentaenoic Acid,俗稱EPA,是平衡膽固醇的重要營養素,能增加好膽固醇(HDL),減低血液中壞膽固醇(LDL)和三酸甘油酯的水平,並中和濃度,避免血管收窄,降低血管硬度,使血液順暢,排走體內積存的廢物1-2,降低動脈硬化和血管栓塞的風險。
保護心臟 暢通血管
EPA能暢通血管,保護心臟。當人體紅血球內的奧米加三多元不飽和脂肪酸,水平低於4 % 時,患心臟病並病發死亡的機會就會較高;而當水平達到理想的8 %時,就可預防心血管疾病3。臨床研究顯示,EPA可改善血黏稠度,避免血液過度凝結,令血液流暢4。透過使血管保持柔軟,促進血液循環,降低心血管疾病的發病率,其舒緩程度可高達45%5-7。每日攝取EPA,能減少因心血管問題而住院或死亡的比率,對於改善慢性心臟衰竭,效果尤其顯著,能使壽命平均增長2.2年8-9。
更多Omega-3 EPA資訊:
參考資料:
1. McKenney et al. Prescription Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007; 64(6): 595-605. 2. Mita et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces the Progression of Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2007; 191(1): 162-167. 3. Harris et al. The Omega-3 Index: A New Risk Factor for Death from Coronary Heart Disease? Preventive Medicine 2004; 39(1): 212-220. 4. Connor et al. Are Fish Oils Beneficial in the Prevention and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997; 66(suppl): 1020S-1031S. 5. Lee et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Cardioprotection. Mayo Clinic Proceeding 2008; 83: 324-332 6. GISSI-HF investigators. Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure (the GISSI-HF trial): A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. The Lancet 2008; 372(9645): 1223-1230 7. Virtanen et al. Fish Consumption and Risk of Major Chronic Disease in Men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2008; 88:1618-1625 8. Yamagichi et al. Fish, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in a Nationwide Community-based Cohort of Japanese Men and Women: The JACC Study. Journal of American College of Cardiology 2008; 52: 988-996 9. Mozaffarian et al. Plasma Phospholipid Long-Chain ω-3 Fatty Acids and Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Older Adults: A Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2013; 158(7): 515-525.